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سُورَةُ النَّجۡمِ · 53:9
MeccanRevelation order ٢٣Juzʾ ٢٧Page ٥٢٦

فَكَانَ قَابَ قَوْسَيْنِ أَوْ أَدْنَىٰ

٩
Saheeh International · EN

And was at a distance of two bow lengths or nearer.

Bio

Introduction

This is āyah 9 of Sūrat An-Najm (The Star), the 23rd sūrah in the traditional order of revelation. It was revealed in the Meccan period and sits within Juzʾ 27. Meccan verses tend to address faith, the oneness of God, and the hereafter.

This introduction is a starting point — the community and Bilal will enrich it over time.

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Revelation & occasion

Asbāb al-Nuzūl
Period
Meccan
Order revealed
23 of 114
Surah
An-Najm (53)
Occasion of revelation · Al-Wahidi

Then He drew close, so He came down until he was two-bows' length away, or closer. Among all the creatures in the World of the Realities, none was greater than MuḤammad MuṣṬafā. The root desire of the divine decree in accordance with the beginningless knowledge was to bring about the state of that paragon and make manifest his majesty. The first substance that received a robe from the command Be! and upon which shone the sun of the Real's gentleness was his pure spirit. There was still no Throne or Carpet, no nighttime intrusion or daytime mercy, when God's artisanry brought his spirit from the repository of begin- ningless knowledge to the lodging place of endless splendor. He put it on display in the meadow of approval and the station of contemplation. Whatever came into existence afterwards rode on the coattails of his spirit's existence. Whatever people imagine of familiarity, nearness, clemency, mercy, leadership, and felicity, He sprinkled over his spirit's essence and attributes. Then He placed it inside the frame of Adam the Chosen and made it pass over the degrees of variegation and the trails of stability. Then He sat it down in the seat of messengerhood, commanding it to call the people to the presence of the religion, to bring the lost back to the road, and to invite the travelers to the Threshold. You might say that this paragon was a falcon trained on the hand of bounty, nurtured on the carpet of proximity and nearness, and brought forth from the togetherness of contemplation to the dispersion of invitation so that he could hunt a world and place everyone before the gentleness and severity of the Real. Today he makes everyone his prey with the Shariah, and tomorrow, in the station of intercession, he will entrust them all to the Real. When that paragon stepped into the playing field of invitation and when the exalted ones of the Presence responded, the vanguard of trial showed its face from every corner. From the heaven of creativity the rain of tribulation began to fall. The Eternal Qur'an reports the story of their grief as follows: “We will indeed try you with something of fear and hunger” [2:155]. “You will surely be tried in your possessions and your selves and you will hear much hurt from those who were given the Book before you and from the associaters” [3:186].

Commentary

Tafsir

4 works

Hafiz Ibn Kathir

He has been taught by one mighty in power (5)Dhu Mirrah then he Istawa (6)While he was in the highest part of the horizon (7)Then he approached and came closer (8)And was at a distance of two bows' length or less (9)So (Allah) revealed to His servant whatever He revealed (10)The heart lied not in what he saw (11)Will you then dispute with him about what he saw (12)And indeed he saw him at a second descent (13)Near Sidrat Al-Muntaha (14)Near it is the Paradise of Abode (15)When that covered the lote tree which did cover it (16)The sight turned not aside, nor it transgressed beyond the limit (17)Indeed he saw of the greatest Ssgns of his Lord (18) The Trustworthy Angel brought Allah's Revelation to the Trustworthy Messenger (ﷺ) Allah the Exalted states that the Message His servant and Messenger Muhammad ﷺ brought to people was taught to him by, شَدِيدُ الْقُوَىٰ (mighty in power), he i…
Provenance

Chains of transmission

Oral — isnād

  1. ~610–632 CERevelation & memorisation

    Received by the Prophet ﷺ and preserved by the ḥuffāẓ (memorisers) among the Companions.

  2. 1st century AHMutawātir transmissionawaiting curation

    Carried by mass-transmission through the generations of qurrāʾ.

  3. TodayLiving chainsawaiting curation

    Continuous ijāzah chains link reciters today back to the Prophet ﷺ.

Verified isnād chains for this āyah will be added by curators.

Written — the manuscript record

  1. ~650 CEʿUthmānic codicesawaiting curation

    The standardised muṣḥaf sent to the great cities (e.g. the Topkapı and Samarqand codices).

  2. 8th–10th c.Early Ḥijāzī & Kūfic foliosawaiting curation

    Surviving leaves in Birmingham, Sanaa, Paris (BnF) and beyond.

  3. Modern printModern printawaiting curation

    The 1924 Cairo edition → today: the standard printed muṣḥaf used worldwide.

A curated chain of manuscript images for this exact āyah — roughly one per century — is coming. Help us source and verify them.

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And now — what do you think?

The text, its history and the classical commentary are laid out above. Share your own understanding, ask a question, or reason with others.

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Provenance

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